Viral Infectious Diseases

☛ AIDS: specific damage to the immune system caused by human immunodeficiency virus.

☛ AIDS-related complex: individuals susceptible to opportunistic infections and tumors.

☛ Bolivian hemorrhagic fever: Also known as Ordog fever, the culprit virus being Machupo virus. Fever, body ache, malaise are the primary symptoms. Nosebleeds and sore gums are also observed, however, only, when the condition is not checked on time.

☛ Chickenpox (Varicella): caused by varicella-zoster virus and spots appear, mainly on the body and head.

☛ Common cold: disease of the upper respiratory system. Also called acute viral nasopharyngitis.

☛ Cytomegalovirus infection: generally concerning salivary glands, though may be found anywhere in the body.

☛ Colorado tick fever: transmitted from the bite of an infected wood tick.

☛ Dengue fever: transmitted by Aedes aegypti mosquito.

☛ Ebola hemorrhagic fever: symptoms are diarrhea, internal and external bleeding, fever, general body pain, and vomiting

.☛ Hand, foot, and mouth disease: common cause is Coxsackie A virus and, usually affects infants and children.

☛ Hepatitis: characterized by the presence of inflammatory cells in the liver tissue.

☛ Herpes simplex: symptoms are itching, swelling, emission of fluid from swelling, headache, fatigue, overall gloomy mental state

☛ Herpes zoster: affects the nervous system with or without appearance of rash on the skin.

☛ HPV: DNA-based viruses that infect the skin and mucous membranes

☛ Influenza (Flu): symptoms are sore throat, fever, headache, muscle pains, weakness, coughing, and discomfort.

☛ Lassa fever: initially mucosa, intestine, lungs, urinary systems are affected. The vascular system, then is affected with the condition metastasizing to every tissue in the body.

☛ Measles: is spread through respiration and is highly contagious.

☛ Marburg hemorrhagic fever: spread though bodily fluids, like saliva, vomit, blood, and excrement.

☛ Infectious mononucleosis: common in adolescents and young adults, characterized by fever, muscle soreness, sore throat, and fatigue.

☛ Mumps: characterized by painful swelling of the salivary glands and fever. Testicular swelling and rash may also occur.

☛ Poliomyelitis: spread from one person to other via the fecal-oral route, e.g., poor hand washing.

☛ Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: occurs exclusively in people with severe immune deficiency

☛ Rabies: transmitted through bites, aerosol, through mucous membranes, transplant surgery.

☛ Rotavirus: A viral gastroenteritis that grips children, especially of the developing countries. Vomiting, chill, diarrhea, and stomach cramps are some of the prominent indicants.

☛ Rubella: virus enters body via nose or throat.

☛ SARS: symptoms are fever, lethargy, myalgia, cough, sore throat, gastrointestinal symptoms.

☛ Smallpox (Variola): caused by Variola major and Variola minor. May cause characteristic skin scars and occasionally blindness due to corneal ulcerations and infertility in male survivors.

☛ Viral encephalitis: an acute inflammation of the brain

☛ Viral gastroenteritis: inflammation or infection of the gastrointestinal tract, generally of the stomach and intestines.

☛ Viral meningitis: inflammation of the protective membranes covering the nervous system.

☛ Viral pneumonia: an illness of the lungs and respiratory system.

☛ West Nile disease: transmitted through the bite of an infected mosquito.

☛ Yellow fever: important cause of hemorrhagic illness in many African and South American nations.

Incubation Periods of Some Infections

Incubation periods are approximate and may vary slightly. Refer to the guidelines from the health department in individual countries.

DISEASE	INCUBATION PERIOD
Amoebiasis	1 to 4 weeks
Anthrax	9 hours to 2 weeks (direct contact through the skin) or approximately 2 days (inhalation)
Bird Flu (Avian, H5N1 Influenza)	2 to 17 days
Brucellosis	5 to 30 days
Chickenpox	11 to 20 days
Cholera	2 hours to 5 days
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever	3 to 14 days
Diptheria	1 to 10 days
Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever	2 to 21 days
Gonorrhea	2 to 10 days
Hepatitis A	3 to 7 weeks
Hepatitis B	6 weeks to 6 months
Influenza (Seasonal)	1 to 3 days
Lassa Fever	3 to 21 days
Leishmaniasis	Weeks to months (cutaneous) Months to years (visceral)
Leprosy	5 to 20 years
Malaria	10 to 15 days
Measles	6 to 19 days
Meningococcemia	2 to 10 days
Mumps	15 to 24 days
Poliomyelitis	3 to 35 days
Psittacosis	1 to 4 weeks
Rabies	2 to 8 weeks
Rubella	15 to 20 days
Rift Valley Fever	2 to 6 days
SARS	2 to 7 days
Scarlet Fever	2 to 4 days
Swine Flu (2009 H1N1 Influenza)	2 to 7 days
Trypanosomiasis	Months to years
Tuberculosis	1 to 12 months
Typhoid	5 to 31 days
Whooping Cough	5 to 21 days